寝汗について
Diagnosing Night Sweats
Causes of Night Sweats
Malignancy;悪性腫瘍 |
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Lymphoma;リンパ腫 |
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Leukemia;白血病 |
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Other neoplasm;その他の新生物 |
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Infections;感染症 |
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Human immunodeficiency virus;HIV |
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Tuberculosis;結核 |
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Mycobacterium avium complex;マイコバクテリウムアビウムコンプレックス |
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Infectious mononucleosis;感染性単核球症 |
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Fungal infections (histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis);真菌感染症(ヒストプラスマ症、コクシジオイデス症) |
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Lung abscess 2;肺膿瘍
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Endocarditis;心内膜炎 |
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Other infection;その他の感染症 |
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Endocrine;内分泌 |
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Ovarian failure;卵巣不全 |
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Hyperthyroidism;甲状腺機能亢進症 |
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Diabetes mellitus (nocturnal hypoglycemia);糖尿病(夜間低血糖) |
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Endocrine tumors (pheochromocytoma, carcinoid tumor);内分泌腫瘍(褐色細胞腫、カルチノイド腫瘍) |
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Orchiectomy 3;精巣摘除術 |
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Rheumatologic;リウマチ |
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Takayasu's arteritis;高安動脈炎 |
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Temporal arteritis 4;側頭動脈炎 |
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Other;その他 |
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Obstructive sleep apnea;閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸 |
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease;胃食道逆流症 |
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Chronic fatigue syndrome;慢性疲労症候群 |
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Granulomatous disease 5;肉芽腫性疾患 |
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Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia;慢性好酸球性肺炎 |
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Lymph node hyperplasia 6;リンパ節過形成 |
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Diabetes insipidus 8;尿崩症 |
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Anxiety;不安 |
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Pregnancy 9;妊娠 |
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Drugs (Table 3);薬剤性 |
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Antipyretics (salicylates, acetaminophen);解熱剤(サリチル酸塩、アセトアミノフェン) |
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Antihypertensives;降圧薬 |
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Phenothiazines;フェノチアジン |
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Substances of abuse: alcohol, heroin;乱用の物質:アルコール、ヘロイン |
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Over-bundling;過剰バンドル? |
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Autonomic over-activity;自律神経の過剰興奮 |
Evaluation of Night Sweats Based on Associated Symptoms or Signs
ASSOCIATED SYMPTOMS OR SIGNS | ACTION TO CONSIDER |
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Fever, TB exposure, HIV status or risk factors, cough, weight loss, immunocompromise |
Purified protein derivative, chest radiograph, CBC, HIV test (CD4+ if known HIV positive), possibly blood cultures |
Menopausal |
Hormone replacement therapy (an elevated FSH test if uncertain based on history, helps confirm the diagnosis) |
Firm lymphadenopathy in absence of current or recent infection |
Lymph node biopsy |
Recent upper respiratory tract infection |
CBC; heterophile antibodies or anti-VCA evaluation |
Diabetic |
Rule out nocturnal hypoglycemia |
Overweight; excessive daytime sleepiness, partner reports loud snoring and gasping during sleep, small oropharynx |
Sleep study |
Heartburn, indigestion |
Trial of histamine H2 blocker |
Heat intolerance, exophthalmos, tremor, other symptoms or signs of hyperthyroidism |
Thyroid function test |
Labile hypertension, paroxysms of headache or palpitations |
Urine catecholamines or metanephrines measured in a 24-hour collection; if diagnosed, the tumor must be localized using radiologic imaging |
Attacks of cyanotic flushing, watery diarrhea, wheezing, hypotension, or edema |
High levels of urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) confirms diagnosis. Certain foods and medications may cause false-positive results (Table 3). Once diagnosed, the tumor must be localized using radiologic imaging. |
Splinter hemorrhages, Janeway lesions, Osler's nodes, new heart murmur |
Blood cultures including HACEK organisms, echocardiogram |
No associated symptoms or signs |
See Figure 1. |
ドネペジル(アリセプト) |
まれに |
インディナビル(クリキシバン) |
まれに |
サキナビル(Fortovase、Invirase) |
2%未満 |
ザルシタビン(Hivid) |
1%未満 |
シクロスポリン(Neoral、Sandimmune) |
珍しい |
ペガスパルガーゼ(オンカスパー) |
1〜5% |
リツキシマブ(リツキサン) |
最も頻繁に |
インターフェロンアルファ-2a(ロフェロン) |
8% |
ダクリズマブ(ゼナパックス) |
2〜5% |